

Landes (eds), The Peace of God: Social Violence and Religious Response in France Around the Year 1000 (Ithaca, 1992) Gorski, Philip S., 'Historicizing the Secularization Debate: Church, State, and Society in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe, 1300-1700' Link opens in a new window, American Sociological Review 65 (2000), 138-67.

The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church Link opens in a new window.The Holy See Link opens in a new window.

Nelson, Lynn H., The Owl, the Cat, and the Investiture Controversy Link opens in a new window.The Internet Medieval Sourcebook has sections on the medieval church Link opens in a new window and the papacy Link opens in a new window.Pettegree, ed., The Reformation World Link opens in a new window (London, 2000), pp. Swanson, R.N., 'The Pre-Reformation Church' in A. Waley and Denley, Later Medieval Europe Link opens in a new window, 41-43 Recommended Reading Power, The Central Middle Ages Link opens in a new window, 121-148 Rule of St Benedict: extracts (from Documenta Catholica Omnia)īarber, The Two Cities Link opens in a new window, chapters on the papacy, monasticism and friars and popular religionīartlett, The Making of Europe Link opens in a new window, 243-269, 270-280.

Odo of Rigaud, The Habits of Priests in Normandy.The Parson from Chaucer's Canterbury Tales.Tales of Relics Link opens in a new window.Were people's religious practices shaped more by Church doctrine or popular piety?.Why were popes, from the time of Gregory VII onwards, so keen to reform the Church?.What were the reasons behind anti-clerical sentiment in the Middle Ages?.How effectively did the Church minister to the spiritual needs of the laity in the middle ages?.
